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good morning Michael i'm here with how

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it gets them in the lead Capcom and

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we're excited to join you today oh thank

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you very much we've got Clark Creek STEM

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Academy in acworth georgia so they would

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love to speak with you and ask you lots

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of awesome questions great we're ready

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excellent so go ahead with your first

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question go ahead resin heiress I'm

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happy that you're saying touch with your

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family smile ISS can you help me with

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that why not in there Mike I'm sorry can

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we have a repeat that stay in touch with

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your families while is families on I

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think your question was how do the crew

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to stay in touch with their families in

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space and they have several ways to do

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that first they have email and they're

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able to send and receive email the

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second method they use is they actually

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have conferences set up on a weekly

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basis and those are a way that they can

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actually watch their families on TV up

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on board and the families can watch them

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on station so they have two-way video

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and voice and talk about whatever they

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want sometimes these conversations or as

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quick as 15 minutes sometimes they'll go

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on for an hour okay ah mr. haire we're

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not seeing Mission Control okay we'll go

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ahead and switch it so it'll be forced

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over so you can see it definitely have

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the children come up and speak loudly

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and clearly for the next one but great

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first question okay is there a constant

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audio connection with the ISS do their

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voices change while traveling through

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there is not a constant connection our

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satellite connection we start here in

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Houston and we have a fiber-optic link

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that goes out to White Sands New Mexico

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that connects into an up lake station

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that bounces off one of the TDRs

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satellites and then connects to the

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station so when we're in sight of those

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satellites and when the station is able

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to communicate through those satellites

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so we just a moment ago we had a 10

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minute loss of signal and we lose both

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our telemetry and our ability to

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communicate with the space station for

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that time period on a typical orbit of

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90 minutes you can expect that we will

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have about oh say 80 minutes or 50

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minutes 50 to 80 minutes of

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communication available okay good we're

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still not seeing Mission Control it i

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don't know if there's something on your

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in that you need to switch the screen

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okay we'll check into it what are you

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currently seeing at the moment are you

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still okay okay well we will switch it

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over so that you can see a live view

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inside Mission Control so go ahead with

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your third question okay go ahead

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describe your educational background

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okay well um like most of you started

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out in grade school and went to high

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school I studied a lot of math and

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science I was pretty good in those

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subjects after graduation from high

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school I went on to the Air Force

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Academy in Colorado Springs from there I

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received a Bachelor of Science and

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mechanical engineering I went on to

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pilot training and flew in the air force

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for about 20 years during that 20 years

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I also went to the air force institute

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of technology and got a graduate degree

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in space operations so that's my

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academic credentials plus a lot of

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training along the way in the Air Force

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why were you awarded the bear award well

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the bear award is an award from the

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barrios corporation one of our private

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contractors that supports the space

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program down here and that was their top

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employee for that year so that was the

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award that was presented to me how did

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berries personaggi get get selected to

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work with vesa my can we get them to

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repeat that last question just got parts

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of it other various technology Garrett

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okay I'm still having trouble

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understanding there's thrust of your

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question I heard the word technology but

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I didn't hear the rest of the question

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how did Barrios technology gets elected

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to work with NASA ah thank you very much

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Barrios technology like many of our

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private contractors competes so NASA

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will announce a certain amount of work

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that they want private contractors to

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perform and then Barrios technology will

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go ahead and submit a proposal with

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costs and number of people and then NASA

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will have a review panel to look at all

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the proposals and select the

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best-qualified corporation sometimes

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Barrios wins these contracts sometimes

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they don't our made contractor here is

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United Space Alliance and they as well

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as Lockheed Martin and a few others that

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my cissp opens a privatized commercial

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space travel if so how do you feel about

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this well i think it's a it's a big plus

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for america and the reason I say this is

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at one time NASA did a lot of

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aeronautics development and research and

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actual building airplanes and now we see

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that NASA in the Aeronautics still does

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a lot of technology demonstrations and

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prototypes but the work of actually

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developing commercial airplanes or

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military aircraft is turned over to

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private manufacturers under the auspices

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of the federal government so in a

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similar vein in the space business we're

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seeing more and more of the space

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business being a solely government

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operation into being a government and

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what was the situation that you recall I

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required is come from solving on the

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part of that dots okay well we have a

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lot of equipment on the space station

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and a lot of things a break from time to

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time and we form investigation teams

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that help solve those problems so you

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know in our business here it's a lot of

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collaboration so it's not typically

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where one person comes up with the

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brilliant insight to fix something or to

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work around something but rather a group

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of individuals that work together as a

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team that no different aspects of the

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problem and they put that all together

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to come up with a solution so if you say

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the best one I think the the best part

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was I got to be on the execution team

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where we got to repair a torn solar

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array which involved a very dramatic EV

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a and some unique hardware that was

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designed pretty much on the fly and that

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what are some situations that have

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emergency procedures well that's a great

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question um you know probably in school

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there today you'll have you have fire

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drills right and so you practice going

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outside and getting away from a burning

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building and making sure everybody gets

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out safely well we do the same thing on

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Space Station we have a possibility of

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fire hopefully we've worked to minimize

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that we also have we work with chemicals

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and research things where it may produce

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some toxic vapors and also we have a

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problem you don't have on the ground and

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that is we live inside a pressurized can

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and if that can should spring a leak

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that module will go to vacuum so our

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three big worries are rapid

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depressurization a toxic release and a

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fire how can students submit their

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experiments to the ISS well that's one

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of the areas I'm not as familiar with is

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probably I should but we do have a

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payload Operations Center in Huntsville

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Alabama they reach out to universities

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and to students around the world to help

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them in the process of getting their

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payloads on orbit but a very good

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question because that's what the space

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station is all about is doing research

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in orbit you give me if I wanted to

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become a famous and well the advice I

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would give you and that's a good

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question because I was faced with that

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same challenge when I was your age what

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do I need to do I think the most

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important thing is to do the best job

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you can in your academics today give it

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your best effort you know your teachers

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aren't there just to spoon feed you

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information there to help you in your

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education journey so it's mostly on your

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shoulders to study hard to do your

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homework and to find those areas that

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you really like doing because if you

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really enjoy doing something you're

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going to

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do a very good job at it so I think in

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the space business those areas that are

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most important our math and science yeah

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how did you work your way up to be is

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she well I'm kind of continuing on

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that's a good question you know

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continuing on a lot of people look at

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the jobs that I've done and said well

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you know if I do those same things I

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will get to the same place and that's

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not necessarily so because we like a lot

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of different people and what they bring

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to the equation I think the key thing is

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to whatever job you're given do the best

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you can at it in my case I took a path

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through the air force in flying

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airplanes and eventually after i retired

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my background was very useful down here

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working with procedures and working with

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displays and aerospace machinery those

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skills helped me a lot in this job does

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anything in space cause interference on

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the capcom console well yes there are

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certain interference problems you know

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we do have a lot of electronic equipment

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on board and we're constantly trying to

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minimize and control what kind of

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problems that that might cause in space

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we have radiation and we have solar

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flares and we have a Van Allen radiation

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belt and sometimes those charged

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particles cause problems for our

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electronics okay great i am going to

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hang up i've been advised to hang up and

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dial in so that we can maybe actually

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see Mission Control so hang up now and

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dial back in shell screen will wait for

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you when you come back okay thank you oh

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yes sir and this is Michael hair at the

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Digital Learning Network mr. gentlemen I

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hope you don't mind but I actually have

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a question for you yeah go ahead I was

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just wondering normally throughout the

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history of human space

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fight it's normally been astronauts that

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actually get the responsibility of being

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a Capcom or a capsule communicator I

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understand what the International Space

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Station you're 47 operations 365 days a

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year and we've been doing it since the

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year 2000 so I can see how it opens up

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but how did you get the opportunity to

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actually be a Capcom amongst those elite

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astronauts well i like you i saw the

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scheduling challenge that would be and I

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realized that we didn't actually have

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enough astronauts to conduct Capcom

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duties 365 days a year and three shifts

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we now have scaled back to smaller

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shifts so I knew they were going to have

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to change their policy and I tried to

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make myself as qualified as possible and

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then we had a gal named ginger Carrick

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who is one of our senior flight

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directors now but she had spent a lot of

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time training with the first expedition

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crew and she demonstrated that with the

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right training and the white background

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you could be very effective as a Capcom

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even though you weren't day a astronaut

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all right excellent looks like Clark

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creek STEM Academy is back and I think

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they're able to see you so let's go

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ahead with your next question go ahead

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do you have security ready to protect

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secret information you know that that's

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a interesting question I know we're all

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concerned about secrets but in my case I

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don't deal a lot with secret information

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there's other people on console who have

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to that responsibility but I really

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don't you have to understand everything

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I say that goes on the radio is

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transmitted worldwide so it's probably

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best I don't know too many secrets go

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ahead what does it take to be an

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well I think the first thing is

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competency knowing your job and being

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very good at it because people are going

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to look up to you as a role model so the

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first thing is knowing what you want to

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do and then the second thing is to know

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the people that are working for you and

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to know their strengths and weaknesses

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and figure out how to use those to best

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advantage to your organization's

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objectives so I think that's the two

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aspects being very competent and knowing

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how to interact with other people do you

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ever share jokes or humorous story is

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the ISS astronauts yes I do especially

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if I know them personally you know we do

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some gentle ribbing or ridicule maybe a

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little joke but I try to keep it under

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control because you know everybody else

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who listens in on the open space groups

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they may not understand the jokes and

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they may not think they're quite as

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funny as i do or the crew does so i have

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to make sure that i do it in a

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professional way what kind of software

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does catcon use to communicate with the

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ISS okay well we use several means

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obviously we use the voice through our

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satellite links to communicate we also

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have email and we process the email we

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kind of are a filter to make sure the

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crew doesn't get too much junk email

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like we all hate at home we also have

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video so we can watch the crew as

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they're performing their work and it's

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it's really amazing if you can actually

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see what's going on how much that helps

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you understand where the crew is in

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you are noted to be a cheerleader for

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think you said cheerful leader so I

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think if you're have a smile on your

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face while you're working and you're

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happy to do that work I think that comes

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through on the radio and I'm very happy

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to be doing this job you know I think

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everyone wants a job where they feel

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that they make a difference and I think

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when I'm working here is a Capcom I'm

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making a difference to space exploration

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so that's really fun how do you make

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sure the optional sounds buzzing oh ok I

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think you're asking about supplies and

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as a Capcom I don't really play a

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primary role in that we do have an

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inventory a stowage officer and they

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have a computer database that keeps

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track of all the equipment and all of

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the items on board and they see how the

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food is going and and how much water we

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have a stockpile and they make sure that

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the next resupply mission that comes up

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brings more of the stuff we're getting

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low on but as a Capcom I don't

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particularly manage that what is it

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different academic subjects and why well

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I like both math and science and I like

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math because there's always a right and

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a wrong answer and if you do your work

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hard you can find that right or wrong

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answer it's not a maybe kind of thing or

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it's how you feel so I like math because

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you can finally feel like you

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accomplished something science I like

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that because it's pushing out the

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boundaries you think of the struggle of

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man throughout the centuries what a

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fortunate time we live in with the

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access to the internet and

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our textbooks and our teachers to learn

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so much more than people did say even 50

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or 100 years ago so science is very

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exciting because we're constantly

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pushing out the knowledge the frontier

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of knowledge what do you recall as the

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boat difficult episode while action

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liaison between mission facility is well

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I think you know I talked earlier about

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repairing the solar array that tour

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while it was being relocated and then

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deployed and without that solar array

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being if you will secured it would

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affect whether we could rotate the solar

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arrays or not and that would compromise

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some of our power generation so I think

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being able to as a team pull together a

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plan and then executing that plan on

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orbit was probably one of the most

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amazing things who we were able to do

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here in the recent past of the space

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station deployment my you visit the ISS

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why or why not well unfortunately I

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think I'm getting a little too old to be

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picked to be an astronaut and so like

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you I'd like to go I think but right now

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I'm thinking I have to win the lottery

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so when the lottery gets up above 30

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00:20:42,870 --> 00:20:36,070
million i buy a few tickets and hope for

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the best okay what do you see a GIS s

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legacy I'm sorry can you repeat the last

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part of that question what do you see as

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the ISS legacy well I think the legacy

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of ISS is going to be one the difficulty

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of assembling it and building it and

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designing it and I think those lessons

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will be used again as we go further out

402
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into the solar system the second lesson

403
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i think is the research on human

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adaptation

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to weightlessness and the environment of

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space so that when we do go to the Moon

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or Mars again or even to an asteroid

408
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will have a lot of data to work with a

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00:21:26,020 --> 00:21:22,430
lot of understanding of what happens to

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folks who are inside a small enclosed

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environment for a long time and then I

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think the third thing is going to be the

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research that we do and that research as

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it gets reapplied to products and

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services on the ground so I think those

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are three areas i'm looking forward to

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as we move forward in this century what

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is the road a huntsville alabama

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counterpart and capcom ISS events yeah

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huntsville is our payload operations

421
00:22:03,240 --> 00:22:00,020
control center and they have a Paycom as

422
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well who communicates with the crew and

423
00:22:11,080 --> 00:22:05,960
talks to them about the science and the

424
00:22:14,200 --> 00:22:11,090
payloads they're doing on orbit so we

425
00:22:16,510 --> 00:22:14,210
primarily in Houston worry about the

426
00:22:19,480 --> 00:22:16,520
actual systems and hardware of the space

427
00:22:22,300 --> 00:22:19,490
station and provide the services to the

428
00:22:24,820 --> 00:22:22,310
payloads folks so they worry about the

429
00:22:26,920 --> 00:22:24,830
payloads the experiments the science and

430
00:22:30,040 --> 00:22:26,930
we worry about more about the vehicle in

431
00:22:32,470 --> 00:22:30,050
its operation of visiting vehicles cargo

432
00:22:35,500 --> 00:22:32,480
ships those kinds of things we also have

433
00:22:38,230 --> 00:22:35,510
other control centers one in Munich that

434
00:22:42,610 --> 00:22:38,240
works with the European Space Agency and

435
00:22:46,150 --> 00:22:42,620
their experiments and scuba Japan there

436
00:22:48,430 --> 00:22:46,160
Jacob also works with their Japanese

437
00:22:50,440 --> 00:22:48,440
science and experiment and finally we

438
00:22:53,110 --> 00:22:50,450
have the Russian glodny who has a

439
00:22:57,220 --> 00:22:53,120
similar role of communicating with the

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00:22:59,020 --> 00:22:57,230
space station about their people alright

441
00:23:01,900 --> 00:22:59,030
we have about a minute and a half so one

442
00:23:04,980 --> 00:23:01,910
final question from Clark Creek are we

443
00:23:08,290 --> 00:23:04,990
dependent upon the Russians to deliver

444
00:23:12,700 --> 00:23:08,300
astronauts to diocese if so is this

445
00:23:15,490 --> 00:23:12,710
problem at the current time our only way

446
00:23:18,220 --> 00:23:15,500
of getting astronauts on board is using

447
00:23:22,039 --> 00:23:18,230
a Russian Soyuz vehicle we are

448
00:23:25,880 --> 00:23:22,049
continuing to develop us both

449
00:23:28,260 --> 00:23:25,890
private companies and NASA government

450
00:23:31,080 --> 00:23:28,270
vehicles that will be able to reach the

451
00:23:34,440 --> 00:23:31,090
space station until those vehicles are

452
00:23:37,590 --> 00:23:34,450
operational we will rely on them now

453
00:23:40,500 --> 00:23:37,600
this is a partnership and so we have the

454
00:23:42,270 --> 00:23:40,510
luxury of relying on the Russians for

455
00:23:44,220 --> 00:23:42,280
their transportation but I think

456
00:23:46,320 --> 00:23:44,230
everybody here at NASA would like

457
00:23:49,289 --> 00:23:46,330
eventually to have our own vehicle and

458
00:23:51,919 --> 00:23:49,299
also to open that business up to the

459
00:23:55,529 --> 00:23:51,929
private sector and we should mention

460
00:23:57,180 --> 00:23:55,539
what how was referring to was the

461
00:23:59,610 --> 00:23:57,190
spacecraft that can transport the crews

462
00:24:02,190 --> 00:23:59,620
but we do have other vehicles including

463
00:24:04,590 --> 00:24:02,200
the newly designed dragon that can bring

464
00:24:06,600 --> 00:24:04,600
up cargo so we don't have to rely on the

465
00:24:09,149 --> 00:24:06,610
Russians for other supplies there's

466
00:24:10,919 --> 00:24:09,159
other vehicles including the ATV and in

467
00:24:13,020 --> 00:24:10,929
the Dragon spacecraft that's going to

468
00:24:15,750 --> 00:24:13,030
launch on march first so there are other

469
00:24:17,039 --> 00:24:15,760
vehicles as well thanks again Mike for

470
00:24:24,840 --> 00:24:17,049
setting this up we really enjoyed